Puttin’ on ‘The Ritz’

Belowdecks, converted to winter quarters.

“The temperature went down to zero again and it really feels much more comfortable, for a rise up to 20deg means virtually a thaw on board. All the passages etc. begin to drip water and all leakages in one’s cabin, which have long since frozen up, thaw out and form little pools all over the place. We have been hard at work clearing the snow drifts away from around the ship, as the weight of the snow tends to make the floe sink and might even drag down the ship with it.”

— Thomas Orde-Lees

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Blizzard and Drift

Lat. 76deg 0′ S, Long. 41deg 04′ W.

“A real howling blizzard, the worst kind we have had so far. As usual it takes the form of particles of drift snow being whirled along in a suspension by the wind. The drift half-blinds one and one cannot see more than a few yards. Still there is always a certain amount of outside work to be done and that cannot be neglected, however inclement the weather.

“We wonder where we are drifting today with all this wind, for our drift is almost entirely due to the effect of the wind on the floe and depends for its direction on the direction of the wind. This wind ought to blow us to the southward, which is opposite to the direction we would go by choice, but it may have the advantage of removing us from the proximity of the great stranded berg that we were so uncomfortably close to on Sunday the 18th.”

— Thomas Orde-Lees

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Aurora

“Tonight we have all been out to witness a fine display of the aurora. This is the first really bright one we have seen and it is indeed a wonderful sight. At first it looks not unlike clouds lit up by the light of the moon, or even the glow one that one sees over a large town in misty weather, but as there is neither moon nor town knocking around here, one soon reconciles oneself to the idea that the bright parts of the sky are actually producing their own light.

“As it develops, it seems to take up the form of a wide band across the sky like a very wide but flattened rainbow. After this a second and even a third band appear concentric to the first. All the while the glow is a greenish white, similar to the fluorescence in any X-ray tube. Later the arcs begin to form what looks like hanging curtains of glowing light and these change their shape at times so rapidly that it gives the appearance of waving curtains. It is very wonderful indeed. It quite surpasses one’s expectations.”

— Thomas Orde-Lees

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Shackleton’s cabin

“I have been insolating the boss’s cabin as he is going to stay in it during the winter we are drifting away from the land so I don’t think there will be any chance of a landing next spring.”

— Harry McNeish

“I lived alone aft.”

— Ernest Shackleton

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Ice Pillars

ice_pillars

“We brought certain stores aboard and provided space on deck for the dogs in case they had to be removed from the floe at short notice. We had run a 500-fathom steel wire round the ship, snow-huts, and kennels, with a loop out to the lead ahead, where the dredge was used. This wire was supported on ice-pillars and it served as a guide in bad weather when the view was obscured by driving snow and a man might have lost himself altogether. I had this wire cut in five places, since otherwise it might have been dragged across our section of the floe with damaging effect in the event of the ice splitting suddenly.”

— Ernest Shackleton, South

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Crean and puppies

Tom Crean and puppies on the Endurance, 1915

Tom Crean and puppies on the Endurance, 1915

“We had fifty-four dogs and eight pups early in April.”

— Ernest Shackleton, South

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Mirages were frequent

“Mirages were frequent. Barrier-cliffs appeared all around us on the 29th, even in places where we knew there was deep water.”

“Bergs and pack are thrown up in the sky and distorted into the most fantastic shapes. They climb, trembling, upwards, spreading out into long lines at different levels, then contract and fall down, leaving nothing but an uncertain, wavering smudge which comes and goes. Presently the smudge swells and grows, taking shape until it presents the perfect inverted reflection of a berg on the horizon, the shadow hovering over the substance. More smudges appear at different points on the horizon. These spread out into long lines till they meet, and we are girdled by lines of shining snow-cliffs, laved at their bases by waters of illusion in which they appear to be faithfully reflected. So the shadows come and go silently, melting away finally as the sun declines to the west. We seem to be drifting helplessly in a strange world of unreality. It is reassuring to feel the ship beneath one’s feet and to look down at the familiar line of kennels and igloos on the solid floe.”

— Ernest Shackleton, South

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Foraminiferae

foraminiferae

“The dredge and several hundred fathoms of wire line made a heavy load, far beyond the unaided strength of the scientists. On the 23rd, for example, we put down a 2 ft. dredge and 650 fathoms of wire. The dredge was hove in four hours later and brought much glacial mud, several pebbles and rock fragments, three sponges, some worms, brachiapods, and foraminiferae. The mud was troublesome. It was heavy to lift, and as it froze rapidly when brought to the surface, the recovery of the specimens embedded in it was difficult.”

— Ernest Shackleton, South

“I have got it adjusted so that it will start from dead cold without any blowlamp heating, and on the second or third turn of the handle. This is really very satisfactory, but unfortunately Sir Ernest is unable to appreciate it. All he says is that they can run motorcars in greater cold than this (I suppose he means in Canada) but he is probably unaware that such cars are kept in a warmed garage and started up before going out, whilst out tractor here spends its time out in the open on deck all the time, and the engine is so cold at starting that one’s finger, if wet, sticks to the iron.”

“When about half the (trawl) wire was in, one of the bearings on the countershaft seized for want of lubrication. It had been sent out with that particular grease-cup empty and I had failed to notice it. It will only take an hour or so to put it right, but Sir Ernest was put out and the rest of the trawl was wound in by hand.”

— Thomas Orde-Lees

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Lantern Lecture

hurley-java

“During the evening I gave an illustrated lantern lecture on Java and across Australia. All hands, afterguard and fo’c’sle, rolled up to a man. It was quite a relief to see some tropical vegetation and flowers, even though they were but shadowgraphs projected on the screen…”

— Frank Hurley

hurley_sheep
hurley_javatrees
hurley_women
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Rampart Berg

rampart berg

“Within a radius of one mile round the berg there is thin young ice, strong enough to march over with care. The area of dangerous pressure, as regards a ship, does not seem to extend for more than a quarter of a mile from the berg. Here there are cracks and constant slight movement, which becomes exciting to the traveller when he feels a piece of ice gradually upending beneath his feet. Close to the berg the pressure makes all sorts of quaint noises. We heard tapping as from a hammer, grunts, groans and squeaks, electric trams running, birds singing, kettles boiling noisily, and an occasional swish as a large piece of ice, released from pressure, suddenly jumped or turned over. We noticed all sorts of quaint effects, such as huge bubbles or domes of ice, 40 ft. across and 4 or 5 ft. high. Large sinuous pancake-sheets were spread over the floe in places, and in one spot we counted five such sheets, each about 2½ in. thick, imbricated under one another. They look as though made of barley-sugar and are very slippery.”

— Frank Worsley

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